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Stent implantation works in harsh blood environment after a balloon dilatation, i.e., the material is used in a corrosive environment with a permanent deformation.
The release rate of the loaded drug molecules was slow at pH 7.4 (i.e. mimicking the blood environment) but increased significantly at acidic pH (i.e. mimicking endosome/lysosome conditions).
In cell-culture systems, light irradiation at a post-treatment time that corresponded to the presence of the micelles in the blood environment induced negligible phototoxicity, whereas light irradiation at a post-treatment time that corresponded to the presence of the micelles in the intracellular environment induced remarkable phototoxicity.
The predicted metabolic pathway is concise, showing evidence of adaptation to blood environment.
Being a wall-less bacteria in a blood environment, hemotropic mycoplasmas probably developed special mechanisms for survival in this environment, most of which are still unknown.
TNFα and interferon-γ were reported to be produced at higher levels when the monocytes are present in whole peripheral blood environment relative to isolated monocytes [50].
Gametocyte carriage has been associated with a worsening blood environment for the parasite (e.g. fever responses, anaemia, and the presence of reticulocytes) [5] [7].
The results presented here provide new insights into processes essential for the survival and growth of E. faecalis in the complex blood environment.
Although certain aspects of E. faecalis virulence development in blood have been studied [23] [25], the global gene regulation and interplay during adaptation to the blood environment remained largely unaddressed.
This suggests that C. albicans has a faster response to adapt to blood environment than S. cerevisiae.
As we have previously observed, several clinical strains of S. cerevisiae adapt to blood environment and are able to survive and spread to other tissues in murine models.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com