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Approaches to enhance CO2 removal such as bicarbonate dialysis [42], blood acidification [43], electrodialysis [44], plasma recirculation [45], and fiber enzyme coatings [46] are also being explored to reduce necessary blood flows for treatment.
Extracorporeal blood acidification has previously been achieved by infusion of lactic acid, which proved to be effective in rising ECCO2R but determined a mild increase of total CO2 production and induced a slight degree of metabolic acidosis [2], thus limiting the overall effectiveness of such treatment.
Blood acidification by lactic acid infusion converts bicarbonate to CO2.
Novel methods to maximize CO2 removal, such as blood acidification, are also under investigation [ 55].
Finally, the understanding of disorders associated with trauma and potential benefits of blood acidification was improved by new experimental findings.
Blood acidification may be achieved by infusion of other metabolizable acids, such as citric or acetic acid; however, their anions are difficult to measure in the clinical setting.
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Accordingly, we found that whole-blood acidification mildly increased CT.
Acidification of blood entering the membrane lung (ML) converts bicarbonate ions into dissolved gaseous CO2, increasing the pCO2 transmembrane gradient and thus the extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCO2R) [1].
Plague of: Blood - read ocean acidification; Frogs - read bark beetles; Gnats - read more malaria; Flies/wild animals - read drought-starved midwest livestock; Boils - read heat strokes; Hail - read Hurricane Sandy; Locusts - read more crop pests; Darkness - read we're headed towards a dark climate change future.
A recent study showed that acidification of blood with citrate buffer inhibits in vitro glycolysis far more effectively than fluoride (62).
This may induce convulsions and indirectly lead to an acidification of the blood [4].
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