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Unsurprisingly, when amounts of juice rewarded for each movement were varied from one block of trials to another, firing rates also varied.
We compared "mixed-block" (cued/no-cued trials are intermixed in the same block of trials) to "pure-block" (cued/no-cued trials are presented separately) protocols.
In earlier experiments, Platt and Glimcher (1999) had established that, in parametric settings, as juice rewards varied from one block of trials to another, firing rates of each parietal neuron that controls eye movements could be trained to encode the expected utility to the monkey of each possible movement relative to the expected utility of the alternative movement.
However, without a one-to-one ratio between eye fixation and trials, the number of fixations differed from one block of trials to another.
On the second day, initial-direction errors improved in the course of practice from 49.7° in the first block of trials to 18.7° in the last block, F 9,306) = 25.4, p<.01.
New males were used for each block of trials to negate any possible bias through increased male mating experience.
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Ease of learning: We compare the performance between blocks of trials to evaluate whether the user improves by measuring the slope of the regression line between blocks of trials.
The task was varied between blocks of trials to engage regions establishing either a spatiomotor or a goal-related representation of the observed action.
This is the aspect of the design that enabled us to manipulate the distribution of attention rather than just shifts of attention from one region of the display to another within a block of trials and to control for any extra distractor objects in the display.
In line with this, Brungart, Simpson, Ericson, and Scott (2001) showed that providing a priori information about the target talker by using the same talker in a block of trials helped to prevent different-sex, but not same-sex confusions (errors where the reported color and number in the CRM task were uttered by a different-sex or same-sex interferer, respectively).
During EEG recording, the attentive state of the participant was monitored and short breaks were permitted after each 2-minute block of 48 trials to allow the participant to rest.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com