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Furthermore, the acute-injury model was examined during early and late phases, 0 and 5 h after blister induction, respectively.
However, blister induction is mainly mediated by autoantibodies.
During blister induction, the warming of the skin accelerates blister formation.
In the early wound, there were no differences in blood flow after blister induction between groups (Table 4).
After blister induction (when there is no epidermis), the water evaporation is 15- to 20-fold higher than in the intact skin.
In contrast, in most subepidermal autoimmune blistering diseases, complement activation and recruitment and activation of leukocytes by autoantibodies are required for blister induction.
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All blister inductions and measurements were performed by MK and FG under the same circumstances, such as the same air temperature.
We are grateful to research nurses RN Sinikka Sälkiö and RN Tarja Lamberg in screening the patients and assisting in the induction of blister wounds and to Mrs Maija-Leena Lehtonen for expert technical assistance.
Blisters were elicited on the ventral aspect of the forearms of healthy volunteers (eight men, six women, aged 19 32 years) by applying 10 μl of 0.1 % Cantharone (Dormer Labs, Inc .. Volunteers did not take any medications for 2 weeks before commencement of the study and abstained from exercise, alcohol, and caffeine for at least 24 h prior to induction of blister.
The blister roofs were removed after induction.
Measurements of TEWL and skin blood flow in the blister wounds were taken twice on each set of wounds: the first measurements following the induction of the wound and the second measurements on the fourth day of healing (Table 1).
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