A meta-analysis showed that routine second-look endoscopy in peptic ulcer bleeding might be effective in high-risk patients, including those with hemodynamic instability, active bleeding, large ulcers, ulcer of posterior wall of bulb, and more or active comorbidities [ 1, 58].
Our study revealed that this method was effective in controlling the bleeding, especially when the bleeding sources were along the incision, and that the method was relatively safe with minimal and mild adverse events.
In several cases in which hemodilution was clearly identified, rFVIIa was effective in controlling bleeding [ 43, 46, 60- 62].
Another article [ 17] reported that PCC was effective in controlling bleeding in two patients undergoing cardiac surgery, but again both patients had significant liver dysfunction.
Propensity score matched analysis revealed that the use of PCC as a first-line treatment for post-operative coagulopathy was effective in reducing bleeding and the need of RBC transfusions.
It was effective in controlling the bleeding in 96% of cases with uterine arteriovenous malformations and in 100% of the cases with abdominal and cervical pregnancies.
Currently, it is also approved to patients with congenital factor VII deficiency or the patients who have acquired antibodies to factor VIII, which is called as acquired hemophilia A. Furthermore, there have been increasing numbers of reports describing the off-label use of rFVIIa, which was effective in controlling refractory bleeding in nonhemophilic patients [1 4].
PCC was effective in correcting dilutional coagulopathy and controlling bleeding in an in vivo large-animal trauma model.
PCC was effective in correcting dilutional coagulopathy and reducing diffuse bleeding in an in vivo large-animal CPB model.
Low-dose continuous combined hormone replacement therapy was effective in reducing menopausal clinical symptoms and provided a favorable bleeding profile and minimal side effects.
