An end hood that facilitates endoscopic hemostatic procedures while simultaneously allowing irrigation of the bleeding site was designed by us.
HYGITECH haemostatic sponges are made of high quality gelatine, highly processed and purified, offering good adhesion to the bleeding site, promoting the formation of the fibrin network essential to efficient coagulation.
The bleeding site was detected by neither upper gastrointestinal endoscopy nor colonoscopy.
Upper and lower endoscopy revealed large amounts of red blood in the colon but no specific bleeding site.
Whenever the bleeding site was accessible to observation, we achieved hemostasis in surviving patients following FEIBA administration.
The decision to discontinue or modify medication regimens in response to a bleeding event may differ according to bleeding site and severity.
A fast, non-invasive examination providing all this information on spot capable of identifying bleeding site and roughly estimate hemorrhage is definitely a valuable asset.
The demonstrated safety of rFVIIa is probably due to its localization to injured areas of the vascular tree by binding to tissue factor (TF) and activated platelets at the bleeding site, thus avoiding systemic activation of coagulation.
Given the technical difficulty to identify by US the bleeding site and selectively bind the target vessel, an accurate iter based on a multiphasic CT examination has been widely accepted as an optimal strategy.
Locally administered TXA has been advocated as a better alternative due its easier preparation and administration, higher concentration at the bleeding site and less systemic side-effects [17, 18, 19, 20, 21].
Multidetector CT may identify the bleeding site, cause and vascular origin of bleeding (bronchial arterial versus pulmonary arterial), while allowing a comprehensive evaluation of the lung parenchyma and mediastinum (Fig. 5).
