After the material for cytological examination was obtained, we restricted the number of needle passes for obtaining histological specimens to 2 to prevent procedure-related complications such as pancreatitis, bleeding, bile peritonitis or malignant seeding [ 28].
None of the patients developed severe complications such as bleeding, bile leak, pneumothorax or perforation of intraabdominal organs (Table 3).> Despite recent advances in non-invasive investigations, percutaneous liver biopsy (PLB) is still considered as the "gold standard" in the diagnosis, assessment and staging of various diseases.
Major postoperative complications included major postoperative bleeding, bile leakage, bowel obstructions, severe infections such as blood stream infections and pneumonia, acute cholangitis, acute pancreatitis, cardiovascular events, and acute renal failure.
The resection margin was examined carefully for bleeding and bile leaks, and for this purpose, the pneumoperitoneum pressure was lowered.
Several risk factors for infections after liver transplantation (LTX) have been identified, such as being male sex, having a prolonged cold ischemia time, acute liver failure, rejection treatment, relaparotomy due to bleeding or bile, and retransplantation within 30 days [ 3- 5].
Nonetheless, even with sonography guidance, it still causes major complications such as bleeding requiring surgery, bile leak, visceral perforation or arteriobiliary fistula [ 3- 6].
Several other serious complications of the laparoscopic surgery may occur partially due to the loss of situational awareness, including bile duct injury, bile leaks, bleeding and bowel injury.
However, CM was considered, at the discretion of the surgeon, to prevent massive bleeding or bile duct injury.
"The risk of death to the donor is about 1 in 350, and there's about a 10percentt risk of complications" like bile leaks, bleeding and infections, said Dr. Patricia Sheiner, director of the liver transplant program at Westchester Medical, who took part in the operations on the Mocibobs.
Possible complications from the operation include infections, bleeding and leaks from the bile ducts, which may require additional surgery to repair.
Many factors, including inadequate exposure, congenital anomalies, obesity, hostile abdomen, acute pre-existing cholecystitis and bleeding, increase the rate of bile duct injury during cholecystectomy [11].
