The board had previously made clear its findings would not deal with blame and liability; a criminal investigation by the Dutch prosecutor's office is scheduled to conclude in early 2016.
An official US briefing document obtained by the Guardian reveals that the country is worried the UN negotiations, currently under way in Warsaw, will "focus increasingly on blame and liability" and poor nations will be "seeking redress for climate damages from sea level rise, droughts, powerful storms and other adverse impacts".
Attribution is controversial in the context of L&D, raising questions about blame and liability (James et al. 2014).
The two misconceptions are based on a particular view of responsibility that places the focus on that which exempts one from blame and liability.
Kok Soo Chon, who led the investigation team, told Malaysia's official Bernama news agency that the sole objective of the investigation was to prevent future accidents or incidents, not apportion blame or liability.
There is retrospective responsibility, visible in blaming and liability, and prospective responsibility, important because we are creating futures all the time (Rip [1981], Grinbaum & Grove [2013]).
The ability to identify a human source of infection or a 'super-spreader' creates potential questions of blame or legal liability, stigmatization, and risks to privacy [ 29, 30].
Tim Probert, a president of Halliburton, which was responsible for the cement, suggested that his company was only following instructions from BP. Round and round the blame game went — the "liability chase," Senator Robert Menendez of New Jersey called it.
