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Outcome parameters: severe small for gestational age (SGA) birthweight below 2.3rd centile, all SGA birthweight below 10th centile, operative delivery, neonatal morbidity and perinatal mortality.
Their first child was born prematurely — Sarah Gotbaum remembered a birthweight below three pounds — and spent the first month of her life in a neonatal intensive care unit in London.
We found no statistically significant differences between the groups in the proportion of infants with birthweight below 2500 g (13.3% versus 29.4%) and the number of cases with pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH /pre-eclampsia (31.3% versus 36.8%).
(The 42% of infants with a birthweight below 700 g survived versus 83% above 900 g, P<0.001, OR=5.2, 95% CI (confidence interval) [2.4 11.2].) Conclusion: These data show the influence of perinatal factors on the outcome of very preterm infants; birthweight and fetal heart rate are strongly correlated with survival.
Small for gestational age (SGA) was defined as a birthweight below the 10th percentile.
Small for gestational age (SGA) was defined as birthweight below the 10th percentile [ 26].
Similar(31)
For non-neurological morbidity, birthweights below the third, fifth, or tenth centiles on population chart and birthweights more than 2SD below the population mean showed significant association with this outcome, with summary odds ratios of a similar magnitude.
Over 50% of infants affected by perinatal deaths in 2011 were identified as having birthweights below the 10th customised centile and only 30% of those were suspected antenatally [ 7].
For example, Leonard, et al. (2007) [ 16] and Hutton, et al. (2007) [ 17] used the ratio of the observed birthweight to the expected birthweight for a given gestational age to assess fetal growth, whereas Leitner, et al. (2007) [ 15] and Gortner, et al. (2003) [ 19] classified all infants with birthweights below the 10th percentile as small for gestational age at birth.
For example, the highest positive likelihood ratio was for birthweights below 1.5 kg, indicating that any baby under this weight multiplied their pre-test odds of neonatal death by 49.1 (95% CI 27.3 88.5); however, the negative likelihood ratio was only 1.01 (1.00–1.01), indicating that the odds of death barely change after a negative test result.
Although we cannot fully exclude the possibility that tight glycaemic control contributed to fetal growth restriction, only one infant of a mother in the intervention arm had a birthweight standard deviation score below −2.
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