8 19 Our data from an English region suggest that, over time, a greater proportion of these babies are considered to be live births, increasing their contribution to all cause mortality.
While less frequent in developed countries (<1% of births), the large contribution of stillbirth to overall perinatal deaths combined with static or increasing rates over the past decade [ 2] clearly demonstrates that stillbirth is a major public health problem in these settings.
At birth, the relative contribution of head and trunk to total stature is highest, and this declines through childhood into adolescence.
Using birth rank as an instrumental variable for birth weight provides an alternative approach to observational studies for elucidating the contribution of birth weight to adult cardiovascular disease in general.
The overall rate of facility deliveries was even lower without the relatively higher contribution of births in the five better EmOC facilities.
Both the 2-h glucose level of the OGTT and maternal BMI had a significant effect on the risk of LGA births, but the relative contribution was higher for BMI.
The coefficient of breastfeeding immediately after birth is higher than the coefficient of breastfeeding hours after birth, suggesting that the contribution to child health is higher for mothers who breast-feed their infants immediately after birth compared to those who breast-feed their infants hours after birth.
Finally, we computed population-attributable risks to assess the contribution of multiple births to the overall preterm birth rate; confidence intervals were computed using Walter's limits.
Furthermore, our study is strengthened by our assessment of paternal contribution to birth outcomes.
23 Thus, conflicting results exist regarding the contribution of birth weight and gestational age to the risk of IHD.
