Sentence examples for birth data were used from inspiring English sources
Birth data were used to identify instrumental birth (forceps or vacuum), gestation, maternal age, infant sex and birthweight, epidural and/or spinal analgesia, induction or augmentation, and year of birth; while hypertension (chronic or pre-eclampsia/eclampsia), diabetes (gestational or diabetes mellitus) were identified exclusively from the hospital data.
As ethnicity is not available in the population data, country of birth as reported in the birth data was used to identify women of Asian background.
In this instance, where country of birth data are used to indicate the geographic origin of an isolate, the degree of confidence in this data may be lower, but MTBC isolates can be sampled at a wider range of geographic locations particularly from high TB incidence areas that have poor bacteriologic isolation facilities.
For each case infant, birth certificate data were used to identify two control infants matched with regard to date of birth, sex, city of residence, and maternal race and educational level.
No birth certificate data were used.
A large sample, contemporary birth cohort data were used.
Birth examination data were used for classification of cryptorchid and healthy boys.
To examine whether the regular visits and dust sampling introduced such an effect, birth certificate data were used to construct a matched negative-control group of 236 children.
Linked birth and hospital data were used to examine ICD-10 AM coded PPH and outcomes in maternal birth admission records, 2003- 2011 2003- 2011ls in New SouthospitalsNSW), Australin (New South WalesgNSWcies).
*includes only women with live births UNHCR's HIS data were used to derive malaria incidence and mortality estimates for more than one million refugees living in 60 camps in nine countries, the largest analysis of malaria in post-emergency refugee sites.
The current study took a different approach, using 2001 2006 satellite data to estimate maternal PM2.5 exposures in the month prior to birth; where available, ground-monitoring data were used to confirm satellite-based estimates.
