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When the colony was initially discovered in 1835, nearly fifty birds were present.
Birds were present all year round near Inverell in northern New South Wales, but noted to be flying eastwards from January to May, and westwards in June and July.
However, experiments where ant followers were excluded have shown that the foraging success of the army ants was 30% lower when the birds were present, suggesting that the birds' relationship was in fact parasitic.
Prior to its extinction, at least some birds were present year-round on the island, relying on warm volcanic springs to survive through the coldest months, but this race was also found in winter in the Faroe Islands and Ireland, and on passage through the Western Isles, suggesting that the Icelandic form was a partial migrant.
Both α-MSH and PBS-injected birds were present in each aviary.
Direct observations, which were not quantified, asserted that pecking was performed only when the birds were present in the zone.
Similar(45)
They learned that A was always better than B, and C was always better than D. The confusion arose when the birds were presented with keys B and C together.
They spied on the females from behind a blind a few meters away as the birds were presented with multiple bachelors, some with big masks, some with bright yellow throats.
Birds were presented in blocks.
Birds were presented swimming, flying or resting in a variety of natural contexts, with man-made environment used only very rarely.
Once birds consistently used the tool to retrieve food (8/10 on two consecutive blocks of 10 trials), the experienced birds were presented with tool-tubes containing training tools of four lengths (see above) within beak-reach, and a food-tube with food at different depths, out of beak-reach (food could be retrieved by 1 4 of the training tools, depending on food position).
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com