In fact, certain species have been used as biotic indicators of pollution.
Stoneflies, along with mayflies and caddisflies, are important biotic indicators of water quality.
In contrast, biotic indicators scored lowest for applicability (mean = 58, range 25 100) and indicators of landscape condition scored highest.
We examined physical, chemical, and biotic indicators after treatments were applied during wet and dry soil conditions.
The paper is an introduction to a volume containing 45 contributions on the development of biotic indicators for sustainable land use and biodiversity.
Among major indicator types, biotic indicators had the highest rigor scores (mean = 44, range 20 79), followed by indicators of chemical/physical characteristics (mean = 36, range 16 56), landscape condition (mean = 31, range 24 37), and hydrology/geomorphology indicators (mean = 21, range 4 52).
Different biotic indicators have been widely used to estimate the state of biodiversity, but we integrate these with biodiversity drivers, i.e. factors driving changes in biodiversity, to track biodiversity response to environmental changes.
We assessed the vulnerability of boreal biotic indicators (epigeic beetles, understory plants, ectomycorrhizal fungi) to compound soil disturbances at 20 years post-logging in northcentral British Columbia Canadaa) to examine these issues of ecological integrity.
These results suggest that wildlife habitat quality and communities are not impaired in AOC wetlands yet it would be beneficial for additional key fish and wildlife assemblages and habitat types to be surveyed, multi-year monitoring of key biotic indicators implemented, and more specific redesignation criteria for wetland habitat and matrix landscape composition defined and met.
