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Globally, biotic damage was less important than abiotic damage (frost and tip burn), and resulted in low commercial losses under all strategies.
Once this benchmark has been established then subsequent acquisition of imagery should be able to identify clearfell areas not updated in the stand GIS or areas with abiotic or biotic damage.
Final sample size was 868 trees due to mortality (2%) and biotic damage (18%).
Thus, we established a model to address the plant-wounding response upon physical and biotic damage.
To demonstrate that leaves damaged by HA have different responses to those with MW, second instar larvae (starved for 2 days) were placed on the underside of every third leaf of sweet potato plants and the leaves were observed for biotic damage.
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Trembling aspen health was assessed and related to biotic and abiotic damage agents and symptoms.
Over the last decade, several compelling studies have shown that small RNAs are involved in various cellular processes including maintenance of genome integrity, response to DNA damage, biotic stress responses, and regulation of morphological and developmental processes in many organisms [ 1- 5].
Due to this reason, in this study were investigated effects of various chemicals (impregnated and varnish type), used to prevent environmental damages (biotic, abiotic pests, fire etc).
Anthocyanin accumulates in many plant tissues or organs, in rice for example leading to red, purple red and purple phenotypes for protection from damage by biotic and abiotic stresses and for reproduction.
The outer, mostly dead tissues (outer bark), form a protective barrier between the plant axis and the abiotic (wind, rain, fire, frost, and physical damage) and biotic (insects, fungi, herbivores) environment.
However, this cultivar has poor storability mainly because it is susceptible to biotic stress and physical damage.
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