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The reaction mechanisms are of interest because the very same compounds that are possible inhibitors for biomass processing enzymes and microorganisms may be valuable biobased chemicals.
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Some of these challenges can be addressed through protein engineering technologies, for example by improving biomass-processing enzymes or by manipulating the activities and substrate specificity of enzymes in metabolic pathways.
Plants have already been developed as a powerful platform for the expression of biomass-processing enzymes, but the use of enzymes that function optimally under harsh pretreatment conditions opens the way to develop combined pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis strategies for the efficient conversion of lignocellulosic plant biomass into fermentable sugars.
In terms of biomass processing and enzyme use, this feature poses a great advantage for the biorefinery concept because it simplifies raw material processing and enzyme blend complexity, thereby reducing processing costs.
One strategy to reduce investment and operational costs in LC biomass processing is to internalize enzyme production and combine enzymatic hydrolysis with fermentation.
The COMT-RNAi transgenic lines require only 25-30% the level of cellulase for equivalent ethanol fermentation compared to control switchgrass, with an estimated cost reduction for biomass processing of 21-25% for enzyme alone after excluding biomass and capital charges [ 9].
GH-ABPs have high potential for identifying new enzymes, synergistic functions, regulatory modifications, and other critical protein activities to enhance and optimize enzyme cocktails for lignocellulosic biomass processing.
These observations reveal important features of a conserved class of bacterial enzymes that have utility in the conversion of lignin during either plant biomass processing or the potential production of valuable compounds from this abundant polymer.
Vacuolar processing enzymes.
Using formaldehyde protects lignin from the cross-reactions that lower yields during biomass processing.
The acquisition strengthens Mascoma's biomass processing capabilities as well as its IP portfolio.
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