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African Americans had 46% chance of being dispensed biologics compared with Caucasians.
Those aged 75 and older had 22% chance of being dispensed biologics compared with those younger than 45 (table 4).
Late onset-disease was associated with less frequent treatment with methotrexate and biologics compared with YORA, as well as with less frequent treatment with DMARDs early in the disease process, that is, within 3 months from inclusion into the study.
Nevertheless, YORA (that is, <58 years of age) was more frequently associated with early treatment with DMARDs and biologics compared with LORA patients, who were treated more often with corticosteroids but less often with DMARDs during the first 3 months following disease onset.
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The objective of the study was to investigate whether patients from a South Asian ethnic background who had Crohn's disease received equivalent access to therapy with biologics compared to patients with an English background.
In these patients, the chance to achieve physical independence was found to be approximately four times higher if treated with biologics compared to conventional DMARDs.
The study was powered on the primary objective – an ability to determine a doubling of the risk of serious infection, i.e infection resulting in hospitalisation or death, among axSpA patients treated with biologics compared to the non-biologic cohort.
The multivariate logistic regression models resulted in a doubled chance of remission (OR = 1.95 for DAS28 remission (p = 0.006); OR = 2.05 for ARA remission (p = 0.007)) for patients receiving biologics compared to those treated with conventional DMARDs (Table 3).
The annual rate of bone loss in the first 2 years was significantly higher in patients treated with biologic DMARDs compared with non biologic DMARDs treated patients at femoral neck (−2.07% vs −0.74%, p = 0.019) and total hip (−1.92 vs. −0.76%, p = 0.034) but not at lumbar spine L1-4 (−1.27% vs. −0.21%, p = 0.10).
Concomitant MTX is associated with improved treatment continuation of biologics when compared with both TNF blockers as monotherapy and TNF blockers combined with other DMARDs.
In the Swedish Rheumatology register, 6-month abatacept retention rates were higher in patients who were biologic naïve compared with patients who had received 1 or ≥2 previous biologics (94 % versus 78 % and 77 %, respectively) [ 13].
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