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The probe intensities from various biological replicates were normalized using scale normalization using median absolute deviation as a spread measure.
The mean Ct values of all the biological replicates were normalized with the Ct values of Actin1.
Biological replicates were normalized using DESeq (Bioconductor) and RefSeq gene identifiers were assigned using biomaRt.
The expression levels across all 18 microarrays (for 6 conditions, each with three biological replicates) were normalized using the RMAExpress (version 1.0.5), implementing the Robust multiarray analysis (RMA) algorithm [ 33- 35].
For fold-change analysis, transformed means of the biological replicates were normalized to the untreated sample (set as 1) and proteome changes were filtered (cutoff set at 1.5 × S.D. equal to log 2>0.27/<−0.27 for 10 Gy or log 2>0.29/<−0.29 for 40 Gy).
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The mean CFU/ml of each strain from three wells (biological replicate) was normalized against the mean CFU/ml of Sakai (clade 1), which was used as a reference.
Two sets of CEL files, created from 6 biological replicates and two sets of technical replicates were normalized using MAS 5.0 to expression signals, giving 6 values per probe/gene.
Since the total number of reads obtained for the different biological replicates were not identical, counts were normalized to minimize the effect of this systematic technical variation.
For each condition, three biological replicates were tested and normalized to WT NR samples.
First, we compared the slope across biological replicates that were normalized with each of the two methods; because these are replicates, the slope across all genes is expected to be 1.0.
Since no true biological replicates were present in our data, the data sets were normalized against a set of 196 RBH-verified Drosophila melanogaster house-keeping (HK) genes.
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biological replicates were taken
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biological replicates were measured
biological replicates were tested
biological replicates were examined
biological replicates were sampled
biological replicates were merged
biological replicates were grown
biological replicates were collected
biological replicates were generated
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