Multiple biological processes, including cell proliferation, adhesion, and migration, have been shown to be involved in tumor development (Lee 1992).
The Wnt signaling pathway is a key developmental pathway involved in a variety of biological processes including cell proliferation, survival and differentiation [45].
miRNAs play important roles in various biological processes including cell growth, differentiation, and development [2], [3].
STAT3 is involved in a variety of biological processes including cell proliferation and carcinogenesis [19].
STAT proteins mediate a wide range of biological processes, including cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, inflammation and immune response [15].
Many reports show that miRNAs play key roles in various biological processes, including cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, stress resistance, fat metabolism, tumorigenesis, and tumor metastasis [7], [8], [9].
ODC and polyamines participate in many important biological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, embryonic development, cell cycle, and apoptosis [3], [6] [12].
TNF is involved in the regulation of a wide spectrum of biological processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, lipid metabolism, and coagulation.
PI3K and its downstream signaling molecules such as Akt are critical in a variety of biological processes, including cell proliferation, survival, and migration.
TGFβ family members regulate a wide range of biological processes including cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, apoptosis, and extracellular matrix deposition [24].
Different studies have shown that GSK-3β is involved in many biological processes, including cell cycle progression, apoptosis and viability, cytoskeletal organization, cellular metabolism and tumorigenesis [4], [5].
