State government agricultural, mining and forestry policies are sometimes at odds with environmental objectives and despite progress in incorporating biodiversity considerations into large projects, the cumulative environmental effects of new and existing developments are not fully considered.
Spatially explicit, multi-scale models for predictions of species potential distribution can be useful tools for integrating biodiversity considerations in planning and strategic environmental assessment.
Surely we need to consider how best our planning system can be made more democratic and transparent, and we need to put proactive policies in place to introduce carbon and biodiversity considerations into the planning system more effectively -as mandatory considerations.
However, in other cases, such as where native breeds were selected to achieve biodiversity management, biodiversity considerations became part of the construction of the animal.
Harvesting constraints due to lack of owner cooperation, biodiversity considerations or site constraints were not included in any of the scenarios tested.
The authors seem to have had some inkling that there might be other views of the "value" of forests, and offer lip service, recommending that "forest management should include biodiversity considerations when managing the flow of timber, carbon, and albedo services in mid and high latitude temperate and boreal forests".
Implementing these recommendations as good practice should strengthen the weight of biodiversity, demonstrate consideration of social equity, and result in better acceptance of development projects and the measures proposed to offset them.
This shows that any evaluation of farming effects on biodiversity requires critical consideration of the investigated taxonomic groups and geographical coverage22,40.
As offsets would be of biodiversity interest careful consideration of the mitigation hierarchy would be required before an offset site could be developed, including taking compensatory action if significant residual harm could not be avoided.
In addition, walls appear to act as localised biodiversity "hotspots" and consideration should be given to inclusion of areas containing such features within marine reserves.
In doing so, some special measures are included for biodiversity and environmental considerations.
