First, we coded a binomial variable of the animal's likelihood of approaching the object, regardless of the distance to the object, during each test.
For instance, a model with two sin-cosine waves was specified as: where y i,t is the carriage in individual i on day of the year t, β1 4 terms are regression coefficients for each sine and cosine function, ART is a binomial variable of the individual's ART-status and covariates are other factors studied.
We compared binomial variables of the second winter 20100) with those of the first winter (2009) using Chi-square tests for equal proportion or Fisher's Exact test where numbers were small.
The following responses were recoded to a 'Yes' response in the new binomial variable: 'Some of the time' or 'Most times'.
For multivariate analysis in order to evaluate the agreement between nurses and doctors on the impact of factors of interest on the nurse-doctor working relationship, items with multiple response levels were collapsed into binomial variables of "having effect" and "having no effect".
As re-mating was defined as a binomial variable, the influence of male-male competition, male heterozygosity, and genetic dissimilarity on divorce rate, was analysed using a logistic regression model, controlling for female genotype.
The fit factor was a continuous variable which was converted into a binomial variable using the cut off for fit of 100.
We obtained daily readings for maximum, minimum, and average temperatures (in degree Celsius); humidity (in percent); average and maximum wind speeds (in kilometers per hour); and precipitation (Conover 2007; Moynahan et al. 2007; Conover et al. 2010; Dritz 2010); precipitation was converted to a binomial variable that indicated the presence or absence of rainfall ≥ 0.025 cm.
Y represented either a quantitative variable (percentage of infected piglets, or ADG) or a binomial variable (pattern of glycosylation).
We calculated exact binomial 95% confidence intervals (CI) for means of binomial variables, according to the method of Clopper and Pearson (31 ).
Further analyses considered the influence of the age, sex, and body condition, as well as the number of conspecifics within 50 m, the presence of pups, a binomial variable indicating whether or not the individual reproduced, glucocorticoid concentration, the number of previous playbacks heard, year, and days since 1 January.
