The exact binomial calculation (one-tailed) of the probability of an assortment of 33 or greater in this sample of 56 is 11.44%.
A simple binomial calculation can then evaluate the null hypothesis that QTL and divergent windows are uncorrelated.
Thus, based on the binomial calculation, in order to detect a mutation in PBRM1, SETD2, BAP1, and/or KDM5C with 90% certainty, a tumor would need to be genetically profiled in at least three locations.
Pairing of EA odor with electric shock during early third instar produced a significant aversion to EA in larvae tested 10 to 14 days later as late fifth instars (Figure 2, binomial calculation, N = 32, p<0.001), with 81% of larvae preferring ambient air over EA.
The reason for applying the correction to Nm, however, is that this value has no upper bound for the binomial calculation.
For each treatment the proportion of larvae or adults choosing the ambient air arm vs the EA arm was compared to an expected value of 50 percent with a two-tailed binomial calculation.
Application of EA-impregnated gel to the pupal cases of untreated larvae did not result in odor aversion in adult moths (Figure 4, binomial calculation, N = 30, p = 0.20); nor did washing the pupal cases of larvae conditioned with forward-paired shock+odor result in a loss of odor aversion in adults (N = 31, p = 0.438).
The power calculations are thus performed with the use of an exact test of number of events in a binomial distribution with the probability of p = 1/2 versus alternatively with the probability of P = λhuman insulin/(λhuman insulin + λinsulin analogue) = 1/(1+ λinsulin analogue/λhuman insulin).
Table 1 shows that the binomial broken-stick model fits better than the binomial model with the linear predictor.
