This dislocation of H150 could well be partly due to the chloromethylketone warhead binding to the catalytic dyad and slightly distorting the carbonyl oxygen (Fig 3C; Mac Sweeney et al, 2000).
The binding to dislocations compared to the normal cell wall in a SOI is described by the ratio between average emission values from within dislocations (as collected from three ROIs) and average emission values from normal cell wall (as collected from three ROIs), termed Rdislocations/normal cell wall.
C sites with high binding energy to the dislocation have been investigated and the critical stress, τc, for the dislocation to overcome a row of C atoms determined.
The extra fluorescence must have originated from the binding of enzymes on the surface and fines protruding out of the surface and may confound fluorescence originating from specific binding to dislocations close to the surface.
The method assesses mainly the S2 layer of the cell wall and is shown to be able to discern the preferred binding to dislocations of Humicola insolens EGV from the rest of the enzymes tested.
Enzymatic hydrolysis at dislocations has been inferred from (1) visual observation of labelled enzymes binding to dislocations, (2) monitoring the hydrolysis of a single fiber using microscopy, or (3) analysing the physical dimension of fibers during or after hydrolysis (Hidayat et al. 2012).
For each, the binding to dislocations and to neighbouring cell wall regions is compared.
As the non-CBM H. insolens EGV shows lower R values than those having CBM of H. insolens EGV, we are compelled to conclude that this CBM plays a role in the increased binding to dislocations.
The enthalpies of hydrogen atoms migration and their binding to dislocations, as well as temperature for condensation of hydrogen clouds around dislocations, are shown to be significantly larger in austenitic steels in comparison with the β titanium alloy.
T. reesei CBHI does not show increased binding to dislocations.
