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Engineered, bifunctional receptors present antigens and initiate signaling in response to binding to the cognate T cell receptor.
Thermal denaturation and CD titration studies demonstrated binding to the cognate sequence (5′-AAGCTA-3′).
RANKL mediates bone homeostasis through binding to the cognate ligand on osteoclasts, RANK, and a soluble decoy receptor, osteoprotegerin (OPG).
The roles of the electrostatic interactions in binding to the cognate and noncognate sequences indicate that nonspecific binding is more sensitive to changes in salt concentration, whereas the change in the heat capacity shows a greater sensitivity to temperature for the sequence-specific complexes in each case.
We used an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) to test its binding to the cognate TIR (Fig. 3B).
This revealed cross-reactivity with the K subfamily TIR, which was significantly weaker than binding to the cognate TIR.
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This may significantly improve functional binding site recognition for TF, resulting in much faster binding to the accurate cognate spot than it occurs in the Late genes.
The main function of miRNAs is to direct posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression, typically by binding to the 3' UTR of cognate mRNAs and inhibiting their translation and/or stability by targeting them for degradation [ 17].
In addition, binding sites for splicing regulatory elements have been shown to reside over a range of distances from the corresponding natural splice sites ; the impact of these sites appears to be related to their binding affinities to the cognate RNA binding proteins and to their distance from the proximate intron/exon boundary.
These results suggest that upon binding to the γ-HOPdG-modified cognate site, the reactive N-oxopropyl moiety forms a cross-link between the 2-amino position of the modified G NAATTCC) and a proximal amino acid at the recognition interface.
Importantly, the observation that eEF2-independent ac-tRNA binding to the ribosome requires a cognate codon is consistent with the idea that the first codon enters the A site and is queried by the ac-tRNA anticodon.
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