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Once binding to bacterial surface carbohydrates, galectin-4 directly kills E. coli O86 via destroying membrane integrity and bacterial motility (Stowell et al., 2010).
The authors of this study propose a model whereby HD6 binding to bacterial surface proteins, such as flagella, triggers the assembly of nanonets that contain the microbes.
Nitroxoline is binding to bacterial surface structures, which probably leads to an interaction between nitroxoline and magnesium ions complexing with LPS phosphate groups [ 30, 31].
In contrast to NaD1 PIP2 oligomers, these fibril-like structures appear to form without involvement of defined extrinsic ligands and rely on stochastic binding to bacterial surface proteins to initiate self-assembly.
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SpA can prevent phagocytosis by binding the complement binding portion (Fcγ) of functional antibodies thus hindering the antibody binding to bacterial cell surface components and subsequent complement dependent uptake of bacteria by phagocytic cells.
To image the mCherry_PGRP-SA binding to bacterial cell surface by fluorescence microscopy, cells were treated as previously described (Atilano et al., 2011), except that mCherry_PGRP-SA was added to a final concentration of ≈300 µg/ml, in a reaction volume of 200 µl.
LysM-containing proteins as well as chimeric fusions of LysM domains with various other proteins have been used to investigate their (localized) binding to bacterial cell surfaces (Table 2).
The process of binding to bacterial receptors on the cell surface has been shown for several pathogens to be mediated by the PLG kringle domains through the lysine-binding sites present [20].
There is ample evidence suggesting that binding of PLG to bacterial surfaces, including spirochetes, is critical for their invasive potential and persistance [9], [17], [48].
IdeS generated 1/2Fc fragments do not compete efficiently with intact IgG in binding to the bacterial surface and rapid dissociation of 1/2Fc allows binding of new IgG.
The objective is to find proteins eliciting antibodies capable of binding to the bacterial surface, and through interaction with the complement system kill certain pathogen microorganisms.
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