Interestingly, the papillary adenocarcinoma also exhibited a higher expression level of Fringe – a β-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase that modifies Notch receptors and alters their ligand-binding specificity towards the Dll ligands [ 35, 36].
Therefore, we tested APPL1 binding specificity towards other members in the Rab5 subfamily, using GST−Rab21 (full length) and GST−Rab22 (2−192) to pull down APPL1 (5−419).
Most of our designed mutations narrow the gap between the affinity of Raf for RasGTP and RasGDP, producing the desired shift in binding specificity towards RasGDP.
The CaM binding interface was optimized to improve binding specificity towards one of its natural targets, smooth muscle myosin light chain kinase (smMLCK).
Based on their sequences, CBMs are classified into 49 families http://http:afmb.cnrs-mrs.fr/CAZY/, however, there are large variations in binding specificities, towards crystalline, amorphous and soluble polysaccharides, both between and within the families [ 20, 21].
The CBM6 modules have been demonstrated to have binding specificities towards a number of substrates, including both branched and debranched xylan, β-1,4-glucan (cellulose), and agarose [ 48].
The other 3 domains were variants of the wild-type domains that had been engineered for altered binding specificities towards trimethylated lysines: Cbx7 chromodomain A91K; JMJdoubleuble tudor domain D945K; and JMJD2A double tudor domain D945R.
This competitive binding of LTKE, specific to mutant cells and to the peptide amino acid sequence, clearly indicates the binding specificity of the LTKE peptide towards hGBE1 p.Y329S.
This result further demonstrates the binding specificity of the RBFOX1/2 binding motif and suggests that the SRSF1 motif would not efficiently interact with RBFOX1/2 proteins.
