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For this reason, more complex models of binding specificity have been developed.
Substitutions Q222L and G224S have previously emerged in avian A/H2 and A/H3 viruses in nature (36, 52), and mutations associated with similar changes in receptor binding specificity have been detected repeatedly in A/H5 viruses for instance, substitution N182K has been reported nine times (37, 51), which is why we initially selected it for our investigations.
The relative importance of the latter has been difficult to assess, as previous systematic analyses of TF binding specificity have been performed using different methods in different species.
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Its binding specificity has been evolved to recognise a quite different target, a human monoclonal IgG4.
The relationship between the structure of zinc-finger protein (ZFP) transcription factors and DNA sequence binding specificity has been extensively studied1.
B3 DNA binding specificity has been studied in three families: ABI3, RAV and ARF.
Mnt is a repressor from phage P22 for which the binding specificity has been well characterized [3].
Convergent evolution of protein function and/or structure in conjunction with acquired ligand binding specificity has been observed previously [37], [38], [39].
Conversely, a large collection of Drosophila TF binding specificities has been generated using bacterial one-hybrid assay (B1H; Noyes et al., 2008; Zhu et al., 2011; Enuameh et al., 2013).
Only for approximately 3% of all TFs in Arabidopsis thaliana, for instance, DNA-binding specificities have been experimentally determined so far.
Binding site positioning and characterization of the nucleotide content of binding sites in terms of binding site specificity have been the most standard features which have been used in motif finding, especially in generative models like HMMs.
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