The 'cell-binding' site was implicated in the binding to α-actin [ 46, 47], in particular residues Asn61 and Gly62, conserved in angiogenins [ 48].
Using mutation of FAK at Tyr397, a binding site for Src, we found that these sites are implicated in FAK-mediated inhibition of invadopodia activity.
Thus, combinatorial Insm1/Neurod1/Foxa2 binding sites are enriched for sequences implicated in β-cell dysfunction in humans.
Petersen et al. suggested that they could play a role as specific binding sites or be implicated in DNA curvature.
This demonstrates experimentally the observations made in earlier molecular dynamics simulations [14] that indicate both R64 and R89 residues are in close proximity to the phosphate headgroup of the POPG within the non-annular binding site and are implicated in binding either through electrostatic or hydrogen bonding interactions.
However, recent data have implicated that σ2 binding sites is likely to be the progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PMRMC1) or within PMRMC1 complex which shares homology with cytochrome b 5, a heme-binding protein that activates cytochrome P450 proteins [18].
For example, Abf1 and Reb1 show the highest linker ratios, implicating that the chromatin structure in their binding sites is relatively open.
Three notable exceptions in which a P-domain binding site has been implicated are ERp57 [29], [29], C1q [31], [31] and the 4-aminobutyrate type A receptor associated protein (GABARAP) [17], [32].
In addition, multiple cysteine residues outside the binding site have been implicated as being important for both redox and trace metal modulation [ 16].
