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The pathway of ligand dissociation and how binding sites respond to force are not well understood for any macromolecule.
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This system can produce a sharper response than that obtained with a promoter with the same number of binding sites responding to a similar gradient of activator alone.
10T1/2 cells stably transfected with a luciferase reporter gene driven by multimerized Gli binding sites responded strongly to addition of exogenous Shh, permitting screens both for inhibitors (in the presence of Shh) and activators (in the absence of Shh).
About 30% of the responsive sites responded to only 1 or 2 stimuli, and no site responded to all stimuli.
Editing sites respond differently to temperature in the dADAR hypomorph.
The latter recognizes a conformational epitope of ABP1 overlapping the auxin binding site (SS12S and SS12K lines) thus impairing the capacity of the protein to bind and respond to auxin [10], [15].
We have identified several genes that contain miR-9 binding sites in their 3′UTR and respond to miR-9 in vitro and in vivo.
In particular, it appears that patients with mutations in exons 18 21 of the EGFR gene (corresponding to the ATP binding site) are more likely to respond to treatment (Paez et al, 2004).
In both cases the loss of a KR short-range repressor binding site permits the enhancer to respond to an input signal from an activator in ectopic embryonic segments (Ho et al. 2009; Shimell et al. 1994).
The contrasting requirement for diversity of ligand binding sites located in LRR9-12 that need to respond to evolutionary pressure from pathogens and co-evolution of dimer interaction sites in the C-terminal LRR motifs, is in agreement with the location in LRR16 of the gene conversion start sites.
The promoter regions of these genes were shown to contain cis-elements involved in the stress response and plant hormonal regulation, including E-boxes, which are commonly found in the promoters of genes that respond to jasmonate, and binding sites for bHLH proteins.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com