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Therefore, we next investigated whether or not a greater DNA binding similarity is a simple reflection of shorter divergence time since duplication.
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This is in agreement with literature evidence showing that binding site similarity is a crucial feature underlying drug promiscuity [37].
The prediction of function is a major challenge from the output of structural genomics programs, and the ability to do this via binding site similarities is an obvious and potentially powerful way to assign function.
After two structures are superimposed according to the alignment, the binding-site similarity is measured using a Gaussian density function S ij as follows: (1) where M ij is the residue similarity determined by the substitution matrix between two residues of proteins i and j, respectively.
Interestingly, binding site similarity is identified despite the prevalence of binding site mutations among structures of this protein.
Small molecule recognition is critical to the function of many proteins; therefore, determination of ligand binding site similarity is important for understanding ligand interactions and may allow their functional classification.
It is not suitable to combine the results simply based on the TF class, as the extent of the binding sequence similarity is variable among the different classes.
Consequently, we also have shown that the ligand-binding site similarity is the preferred method for the identification of the most conserved orthologs, because it is more informative than the full sequence similarity and it is not influenced by variations in the length of the longest available amino acid sequence of an ortholog.
In three cases, ispF, CD2549 and dapH, no significant level of binding-site similarity was found to a Pfam family that contains human homologs (Additional file 1: Table S7).
The resulting Kendall tau correlation between the numbers of tissues for which both TFs in a pair are highly expressed versus the binding similarity score is −0.21 with p-value 0.008.
Previously the statistical significance of the ligand-binding site similarity was estimated based on a non-parametric statistical method (Xie and Bourne, 2008).
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