Hua1 is an RNA binding protein which is involved in flower development in Arabidopsis [ 32].
CCD1 is an EF- hand Ca2+ binding protein which is involved in fast response to pathogen attacks in wheat [ 41].
The second group was comprised of the genes of G protein (Transducin, GTP binding protein) and AMP-binding (Adenosine monophosphate binding) protein, which are involved in signal perception and transduction.
The PhalNRPS_2 operon encodes an A-T didomain NRPS and has a flanking gene encoding a PQQ binding protein, which might be involved in the reductive release of the T domain-bound thioester (Additional file 2: Figure S8) [ 53].
Mybph is a skeletal muscle binding protein which binds myosin and is probably involved in the interaction with thick myofilaments in the A-band.
The ligand binding domain is considered to have evolved from prokaryotic periplasmic binding proteins which are involved in amino acid and nutrient transport in bacteria [ 26].
Specificity protein 1 (SP1) belongs to a family of universally expressed zinc-finger DNA binding proteins, which are involved in transcriptional regulation of a variety of genes.
CSDA is a member of the highly conserved Cold Shock Domain family of DNA binding proteins which is involved in post-transcriptional control of gene expression [ 42, 43] and was up regulated.
The authors determined that the metals exert their effects as follows: (1) copper decreases the expression of β-1,3-glucan binding proteins which are involved in the immune response, (2) cadmium induces an oxidative stress and (3) zinc acts by downregulating the expression of homologues of chitinase and cuticle proteins, which are required for moulting.
Genes encoding the cell membrane transport proteins, ExbD and ExbD2, and FbpB (iron (III) ABC transporter, ATP-binding protein), which are involved in energy-coupled transport of the iron-containing compound, transferrin were up-regulated in BALF, as was fieF.
