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DAB was used as visual indicator to specifically localise the binding of the lectins to the tissues.
We furthermore analysed binding of the lectins PHA-L and WGA, which indicated metastatic spread of murine B16 melanoma cells (Tao et al, 1982), but are not correlated with melanoma metastasis in man (Thies et al, 2001).
According to Wong et al. [ 36], lectins do not directly inhibit fungal growth by changing the structure and/or permeability of the fungal membrane but rather by indirect effects produced by the binding of the lectins to carbohydrates on the surface of the fungal cell wall.
To rule out non-specific binding of the lectins, tissue sections were treated, prior to lectin staining, with sialidase A (N-acetylneuraminate glycohydrolase; Prozyme) for 24 h at 37°C (pH 6.0), which preferentially cleaves all non-reducing terminal sialic acid residues in the order α(2,6) > α(2,3) > α(2,8) > α(2,9).
All PBS washes were conducted at room temperature and each wash was done two times for 5 min. The binding of the lectins to the prostate tissues was revealed by a brown colour, as a result of the DAB reaction with the streptavidin-conjugated peroxidase solution.
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Benzyl-α-GalNAc also inhibited maturation of O-linked glycans in Colo205 cells, demonstrated by the observed increase in binding of the lectin peanut agglutinin (PNA), which binds to the T-antigen disaccharide.
In order to determine whether the CSPG-related patches represent specific binding of the lectin, we treated one hemisphere of P4 mice with ChABC.
Dendritic cells showed homogenous intensive cytoplasmic as well as membranous binding of the lectin BSA-I and were easy to detect in the PTs and LMs, as the melanoma cells did not bind this lectin.
Simultaneously, in clinical studies of malignant melanoma, binding of the lectin HPA indicating aberrant glycosylation, and upregulation of the cell adhesion molecules CEACAM1 and L1, have been correlated with metastatic spread (Thies et al, 2001, 2002a, 2002b).
Over-expression of N-acetylgalactosamine glycoproteins as detected by binding of the lectin from Helix pomatia (HPA), is associated with metastatic competence and poor patient prognosis in a range of human adenocarcinomas.
Constructs were transfected into CHO cells and stable populations selected for hygromycin resistance were examined for resistance to the toxicity of Phaseolus vulgaris leukoagglutinin (L-PHA), and/or binding of the lectin Galanthus nivalis agglutinin (GNA).
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