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Meistermann, I. et al. Intramolecular DNA coiling mediated by metallosupramolecular cylinders: differential binding of P and M helical enantiomers.
To study the molecular mechanism we need to activate the sperm chemotactic signaling bypassing the binding of P to its receptor (PR).
Here, sperm chemotaxis is achieved bypassing the binding of P to its receptor, whereas the analogs do not act as putative chemoattractant, but instead cross the cell membrane increasing the intracellular concentration of cyclic nucleotides, which in turn activate the chemotactic signaling.
Thus, after the binding of P to its cell surface receptor, the tmAC-cAMP-PKA pathway is activated first, followed by protein tyrosine phosphorylation (equatorial band and flagellum) and calcium mobilization (through IP3R and SOC channels), whereas the sGC-cGMP-PKG cascade, is activated at a later time, and possibly further Ca2+ influx through another plasma membrane calcium channels occur.
The slow species are the mRNA, M, and the protein, P. Furthermore, we also impose the limit k2→ ∞, k1→0 at constant k2 k1; this enforces cooperative behavior since the binding of P to G is quite slow but once it occurs the next binding of P to the complex GP is very quick.
We speculate that binding of p,p'-DDE to the AR would increase the amount of ARA70 available to interact with ERα, thereby increasing the estrogenic signalling pathway and in turn cell proliferation.
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The binding of P-selectin to human colon carcinoma cells is shown to induce tyrosine phosphorylation of surface nucleolin and formation of a signaling complex containing nucleolin, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K) and p38 MAPK [29].
In addition, stimulated platelets shed TF-bearing microparticles from their surface [18], [31] and binding of P- selectin on platelets to PSGL-1 on leukocytes will potentiate the generation and shedding of leukocyte-derived microparticles which also bear TF [53].
Colocalization of p-WOX1 with p-c-Jun was shown mainly in the nuclei 6 hours after axotomy, whereas no apparent binding of p-WOX1 with c-Jun was found (large particles for p-c-Jun; small particles for p-WOX1; Supporting Fig. S9a-c).
Normally, the expression of P fimbriae is increased among isolates associated with lower urinary tract infections, basically resembling an 'in vivo' situation as there is an interplay between type1-fimbriae and P-fimbriae expression ("switch-off" of Type 1 fimbriae leads to increased motility of bacteria and finally to binding of P-fimbrial adhesin to receptors on kidney epithelial cells).
Western blot shows that binding of p-AKT to Raf-1 was stimulated by ischemia).
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