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This structural observation suggests that the occluded state of the TMD that is induced by binding of a basic SBP may couple the substrate-loading to the formation of the ATPase catalytic site.
Because of the negative-inside membrane potential, binding of a basic SBP favors an inward movement of the TMD, which may trigger a subtle conformational change of the latter.
Negative surface charge reduction could result from binding of a basic region of TRF2 along the nucleosomal arrays.
A role for PA in this process is suggested by the binding of a basic domain of Dsh to PA in vitro through a cluster of basic amino acids that are also required for Dsh membrane localization in vivo.
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Activity can be further enhanced by phosphoinositides binding to a basic region of the WASP molecule.
Substrate phosphorylation has previously been reported to recruit the SUMO E2 enzyme Ubc9, through the binding of a cognate basic patch on Ubc9.
Loss of neuronal M2 muscarinic receptor function in antigen-challenged guinea pigs results from binding of major basic protein, an endogenous M2 muscarinic receptor antagonist released from activated eosinophils (Evans et al. 1997; Jacoby et al. 1993).
The introduction of the S101R mutation increased the affinity of the protein for DOPS, which implies that the residue forms part of, or is close to, the lipid-binding domain; the introduction of a basic positively charged arginine residue in place of the neutral serine amino acid may promote an electrostatic interaction with the bilayer.
The authors present a model in which binding of these basic residues to acidic membrane phospholipids re-orientates the talin head and, therefore, the integrin β-subunit, leading to separation of the transmembrane helices of the two integrin (Lau et al, 2009) and subsequent integrin activation.
These transcriptional regulators inhibit bHLH factors by sequestering them in inactive heterodimers, which are unable to bind with DNA due to the absence of a basic DNA-binding region in the Id proteins.
The 5'UTR of the potentially active CR1-B element is approximately 240 bp long and contains two putative E boxes, the cis-element for binding of the basic helix-loop-helix family of proteins.
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