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The dissimilarity of these binding motives responsible for the neomorphic moonlighting feature of TPPP/p25 has significant innovative impact in anti-Parkinson drug research.
The large size results in several integrin binding motives per protein, which allows engagement with numerous integrin receptors on the hNSC surface66, and therefore an increase in focal adhesion sites.
Here the role of the disordered N- and C-termini straddling a middle flexible segment in the distinct functions of TPPP/p25 was established, and the binding motives responsible for its heteroassociations with tubulin and α-synuclein, its physiological and pathological interacting partner, respectively, were identified.
The distinct tubulin and α-synuclein binding motives of TPPP/p25 were also demonstrated at the cellular level: the double truncated TPPP/p25 did not align along the microtubules in contrast to the full length form, while it induced α-synuclein aggregation.
The localization of the binding motives on TPPP/p25 were established by specific ELISA experiments performed with designed and synthesized peptides: motives at the 178 187 and 147 156 segments are involved in the binding of tubulin and α-synuclein, respectively.
By using bioinformatic algorithms for the prediction of peptides with binding motives to surface molecules encoded by A*01 and B*08 genes, we found several sequences in all three main gliadin families that bound to either HLA A1 or B8 molecules with high affinity.
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The pTOPGLOW and pFOPGLOW constructs contain a multimerized wild-type or mutant TCF binding motive, respectively, upstream of a luciferase gene.
Clathrin-mediated endocytosis depends on the interaction of the AP2 adaptor complex and the corresponding binding motive within the cytoplasmic domain of CD317.
As already described, the respective DNA region contains a HIF1 binding motive, which can also be found in the murine promoter (cf. Figure 2), in addition to the Sox9 binding site analyzed previously.
Notch ligand intracellular domains do not contain DNA-binding motives, suggesting that they indirectly modulate gene expression by interacting with transcription factors or other molecular co-activators.
Occurrence of carbohydrate-binding motives or of C-terminal, non-catalytic extensions in the encoded polypeptides accounted for most of these size variations.
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