In PDZ3, binding function is regulated through an entirely dynamic allosteric mechanism that lacks measurable conformational changes.
As PKA can be induced through the activation of adenylate cyclase, we examined a scenario in which HSF1-binding to PKAcα is regulated through the product of adenylate cyclase activity, cAMP (Fig. 1D).
Expression of COR genes under cold stress in Arabidopsis is regulated through the binding of the C-repeat binding factor (Cbf) gene family to the cis-regulatory element DRE/CRT present in the promoter region of COR genes [ 2, 19].
The association of RNA-binding proteins with their targets is regulated through changing subcellular distribution, post-translational modification or association with other proteins.
Of interest, although ArnB (PmrH) is regulated through a PmrA binding site (a direct repeat of CTTAAT separated by 5 nucleotides) [43], we also found that the PmrA-regulated gene arnB also contains an atypical PhoP box, while the promoter of the gene for the protein Ugd detected in our analysis contains binding sites for PhoP, PmrA, and RcsB [44], [45].
IL-1β is a key mediator in the anti-inflammatory effects of HA, and is regulated through HA-CD44 binding [ 59, 104].
These results demonstrate that Igfbp-2 gene expression is regulated through the direct binding of PPARα to the Igfbp-2 promoter.
Because expression of c-MYC is regulated through the E2F-binding sites in the promoter region [56], it is tempting to speculate that increased levels of the IFI16 protein in cells inhibit the transcription of c-MYC gene by potentiating the pocket protein-E2F-mediated transcriptional repression (Fig. 6).
Adducin is a ubiquitously expressed actin- and spectrin-binding protein involved in cytoskeleton organization, and is regulated through phosphorylation of the myristoylated alanine-rich C-terminal kinase (MARCKS -homology doMARCKS -homologykinase C (PKC).
Availability of eIF4E is regulated through the activities of two 4E binding proteins, 4E-BP1 and 4E-BP2.
