Compared to docking, the free-energy barrier for binding is reduced when the single α-helix is allowed to fold upon binding, but only marginally.
CLB1 is expressed mitotically [ 44] and the faster cell cycle phenotype we observe is consistent with the idea that more Clb2p-Cdc28 complexes are formed when the level of Clb1p, competing with Clb2p for Cdc28p binding, is reduced.
For R28L, the CAP binding is reduced.
Binding was reduced by ∼50% for Asn290Cys and Phe291Cys, which showed ∼50-fold reduction in ATP potency, while binding was reduced by >80% for Arg292Cys and Lys309Cys, which had 15- and 180-fold reductions in potency respectively (Roberts and Evans, 2007).
Once diffused into the cell, [18F]FAZA either diffuses back out of the cell or is reduced for further intracellular binding.
For both cell types, collagen bead binding was reduced by ∼50% (Fig. 6C; P<0.001 for both cell types).
TRF2 bound OriP wt (∼22% input), but its binding was reduced over 10 fold (∼1.5% input) for OriP nm-.
In ECs attached on VN- or ISM-coated surface, both ligands of αv β5 integrin, the free αv β5 available for soluble ISM binding are reduced, comparing with ECs attached on FN-coated surface, most likely due to αv β5 occupancy by VN or ISM.
Animal MYB domains have a single cysteine residue that needs to be reduced for DNA binding and transcriptional activity [ 69], contrary to most plant R2R3 MYB domains (including grapes) which contain two cysteines (Additional file 8A,C).
