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To determine whether ERRα binds to the potential binding element identified in the mSirt3 gene promoter in vitro, a DNA fragment encompassing the sequence −386/−419 was biotin-labeled, and EMSA was carried out using nuclear protein extracted from 293A cells transfected with ERRα expression vector.
TGF-β directly induced transcription of BIK and a consensus Smad binding element identified in the BIK promoter recruits TGF-β-activated Smad transcription factor complexes in vivo.
To assess the specificity of these single-stranded 6-nucleotide binding interactions, we also investigated the capability of N- HvGR-RBP1 to bind to a randomized 6-nt fragment 5′-CTGTTG-3′, which retains the CTG binding element identified in the NtGR-RBP1 studies, but is altered with respect to the nature of the flanking nucleotides.
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Recently, an interferon regulatory factor (IRF-1) binding element was identified in the promoter region of the SAMD9 gene in humans [ 6], and overexpression of IRF-1 can lead to elevated SAMD9 gene expression [ 7].
Seven TCF/LEF binding elements were identified in the promoter region of RP11-348K2.1-001 (figure 4and and three elements were in the promoter region of RP11-31E23.1-001 (data not shown).
These elements and the transcription factor binding sites identified in them should be useful for understanding the regulation of spatially restricted expression patterns of TF-encoding genes.
Also, a new putative DAF-16 binding element was identified.
rs3759074 is in linkage disequilibrium with the rs7482144- XmnI variant (r = 0.74) and falls within the BCL11A binding site identified in a functional element important for HbF silencing [ 53].
A helix-turn-helix motif, the TFIIB recognition element (BRE) binding domain, was identified in every new TFB protein with a sequenced carboxy-terminus [ 31].
The POU6F1 binding site identified in the set may be a novel muscle element.
The strong binding contacts identified in certain well-known promoter regions, such as the -35 and -10 elements, do not necessarily coincide with the most highly conserved portions of these sequences.
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