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Because the preS domain acts in binding to a cellular receptor of hepatocytes, our findings implicate the exclusion of SVPs as competitors for the receptor binding and entry of virions.
Moreover, multiple receptor binding may have functional significance, enhancing the binding and entry of viruses.
The binding and entry of the baculovirus (0 15 min p.t). was next studied in live 293 and HepG2 cells by confocal microscopy.
We found that binding and entry of RVFV MP12 takes approximately one hour in 293T cells because treatment with lysosomotropic agents such as Ammonium Chloride one hour post-infection no longer blocked infection (Figure 4).
Surface nucleolin serves as a low affinity receptor implicated in the binding and entry of HIV-1 particles into permissive cells.
An HSP90-specific inhibitor (geldanamycin) blocks the intracellular transport of the HEV239 capsid protein but does not affect the binding and entry of the truncated capsid protein.
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We also examined if these heterotypic antibodies could block specific binding of ABH histo-blood group antigens, putative receptors for norovirus binding and entry, to norovirus VLPs.
Our single-cycle experiments using pseudotyped virus suggest that all four SPs function at the binding and entry stages of the viral life cycle but differ in degree of postentry effect.
Although transgenic mice expressing the hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome produce infectious virus in their serum, the viral life cycle is not complete, in that the early stages of viral binding and entry into hepatocytes and production of an episomal transcriptional DNA template do not occur.
This vector exploits the ubiquitous expression of integrin receptors on the surface of most cell types as a means of binding and entry.
Proteases have been shown to be important for binding and entry in a wide variety of organisms and protease II is an S9A type protease, the type shown to be necessary for entry of Trypanosoma cruzi into host cells [36].
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