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Then, fatigue lives of these two binders were determined using time sweep and Linear Amplitude Sweep (LAS) tests.
Thereafter, acidic and basic surface free energy (SFE) components of selected asphalt binders were determined using acid-base theory.
The chemical properties of the binders were determined using the Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) and gel-permeation chromatography (GPC) tests.
The true low and high temperature grades of the extracted binders were determined using the Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) and the Bending Beam Rheometer (BBR) tests.
Peptide binding affinities were predicted, and the affinities of 4 distinct high binders were determined using flow-based MHC stabilization assays (Table 3a).
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In addition, the thermal qualities, mechanical qualities, and durability of slag blended concrete can be determined using reaction degree of individual component of binders.
The heat of dilution of the binder was determined from the peaks measured after full saturation of target by the binder.
The morphological parameters, such as binder area, were determined by image processing software.
Mechanical properties were determined by binder fatigue test using a Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) and by nanoindentation.
The contents of CH, chemically bound water, and capillary water are determined by using reaction degrees of binders.
The dosages of binders used in this study were determined on the basis of the target UCS (4.5 MPa).
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