Sentence examples for bind to multiple receptors from inspiring English sources
Myriad interactions in nature use polyvalent binding, where multiple ligands on one entity bind to multiple receptors on another: antibody antigen interactions, virus−cell binding, cell cell signaling, and others.
Privileged structures bind to multiple receptors with high affinity, thus aiding the development of novel biologically active compounds.
Likewise, many recent studies revealed that lactoferrin could bind to multiple receptors on hepatocytes.
The major-cluster chemokines usually bind to multiple receptors and often do not correspond well between species.
CCN2 can bind to multiple receptors and activate divergent signaling pathways, including TGF- β, p38 MAPK [ 23], PI3K [ 24], and Rho GTPase [ 25].
In addition, ligands can bind to multiple receptor and/or co-receptor combinations to stimulate different downstream target gene expression.
14 Angiotensin II binds to multiple receptors, with the AT1 and AT2 receptors being the best studied and most abundant angiotensin II receptors in the vasculature.
Bag-1 also has anti-apoptotic effects that are independent of Bcl-2; it binds to multiple receptor tyrosine kinases and enhances their ability to inhibit apoptosis [ 44], and it interacts with the heat shock proteins HSC70 and HSP70 [ 45].
The need for "balanced" signaling provides an explanation for how a signaling system in which a single ligand binds to multiple receptor subtypes may develop naturally, although some of these active downstream pathways have diametrically opposite cellular effects [ 17].
SHC1 is composed of multiple protein domains that can bind to multiple transmembrane receptors including phosphorylated insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor, and the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), thus potentially activating multiple pathways involved in cell proliferation and differentiation [ 37, 38].
In studies with chemokine receptor-expressing cells, many chemokines were found to bind to multiple chemokine receptors and vice versa; observations that prompted the conceptual introduction of 'redundancy' in the field of chemokine biology (Lukacs et al, 1999; Mantovani, 1999).
