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These results indicate that PNP autoantibodies bind to common epitopes present on both p170 and A2ML1.
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Each isoform can be targeted by a specific antibody for IHC evaluation, while a pan-p63 one binds to common epitopes.
They bind to three distinct epitopes: epitope I (1a2y and 1jhl), epitope II (1p2c and 2iff) and epitope III (1j1x) (see Supplementary Section 5).
As a test case we have picked lysozyme and the five distinct antibodies that bind to three different epitopes: epitope I (1a2y and 1jhl), epitope II (2iff and 1p2c) and epitope III with 1j1x (see Supplementary Section 5).
Polyclonal antibodies are a heterogeneous mixture of antibodies that bind to different epitopes of the same protein.
However, most antibodies do not bind to unique epitopes and so they will cross-react.
Should pathogenic anti-LGI1 antibodies bind to specific epitopes, these epitopes could be druggable and lead to effective new epilepsy treatments.
The epitope mapping experiments suggest that the FH-autoantibodies observed in rheumatic diseases may bind to several epitopes scattered over FH.
Although expression of all three GlyRα subunits in the HEK cells slightly increased antibody binding in a few samples, pre-adsorption of the GlyR antibodies against HEK cells expressing GlyRα1, GlyRα2 or GlyRα3 subunits, eliminated or substantially reduced binding to GlyRα1 indicating that the majority of the GlyR antibodies bound to an epitope common to all three α subunits (data not shown).
Notably, Anti-MUC1* produced heavier staining than VU4H5 despite the fact that the tandem repeat antibody can bind to hundreds of epitopes per receptor compared to the single epitope to which Anti-MUC1* binds.
Two of the antibodies, HPA002110 and CL0308, bind to epitopes within the extracellular domain of PODXL (Supplementary Figure 1A), whereas the epitope specificity for 4F10 is unknown.
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