LRP is a scavenger receptor which binds and internalizes a number of ligands.
We also demonstrated that Caco-2 cells, a gastrointestinal epithelial cell line similar to M cells, display vimentin on the cell surface and a subpopulation is able to bind and internalize CPMV particles in vitro (Fig. 1, M O).
Megalin has been shown to bind and internalize multiple ligands, including the soluble folate binding protein (Folr1), and sonic hedgehog (Shh), among others [ 19, 25- 29].
We have explored here several protein ligands of CD44 for the construction of self-assembling modular proteins designed to bind and internalize target cells.
There is an inverse relationship between IgM-mediated clearance by macrophages and the particle size; however, macrophages bind and internalize many different size particles coated with IgG.
We next evaluated whether DCs, which highly express both MMR and DC-SIGN [24], would differentially bind and internalize the recombinant OVA proteins.
Presently, it is unknown to what extent APCs in the mouse are able to bind and internalize CPMV and whether this correlates with surface vimentin expression.
Altogether, our results suggest that DCs specifically bind and internalize the mannosylated, but not the deglycosylated, recombinant OVA proteins using mannose-specific CLRs.
Since DCs are the most potent APCs, their capacity to bind and internalize CPMV particles in relation to their maturation state was analyzed further.
T-lymphocytes and monocytes bind and internalize bound Lf much less efficient in comparison with the hepatocytes, which can take up ~5000 Lf molecules per cell, per second [ 64] through the clatherin-mediated endocytosis [ 65].
