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When there are binary variables in the proposed formulation, it is very difficult to acquire the sensitivity.
To address the fuzzy and binary variables in the model of phase 2, a hybrid cross-entropy method (HCEA) is developed.
This paper proposes an accelerated solution method to solve two-stage stochastic programming problems with binary variables in the first stage and continuous variables in the second stage.
The depth of a node, D, is defined to be the number of determined binary variables in the partial binary solution at this node.
By incorporating a mutation operator for the binary variables in the model, the algorithm is able to escape sub-optimal network topologies and proceed towards better solutions than can be found with ordinary PSO.
The graph-pair representation technique essentially eliminates the binary variables in the MIP model, which allows the heuristic to solve a large number of linear programming models to construct and improve the layout in a comparatively short period of time.
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This observation may be due to the use of a binary variable in the measurement of CRS.
Each item was treated as a distinct binary variable in the analyses.
Eq. (3) means that at least one of the non-zero binary variable in the optimal solution is set to zero.
First, although disclosure is often measured as a binary variable, in the present study disclosure was measured at three levels: disclosure before sex, disclosure after sex, and nondisclosure.
Belief about the efficacy of ART was assessed by asking: 'Do you think antiretroviral treatment helps people with HIV to be healthier?' and 'Do you think alternative treatments available in the community or from traditional healers can help people with HIV?' Each item was treated as a distinct binary variable in the analyses.
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