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Therefore, instead of calculating mean population estimates, we use a binary variable to determine how often these methods would correctly raise a flag with conservation managers that the population may be declining and that more detailed study would be in order.
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Built on the concept of efficient points, we formulate the problems as mixed-integer programs by using binary variables to determine an optimal risk tolerance for each chance constraint.
We created binary variables to determine whether the number of cigarettes smoked per day, the number of alcoholic drinks drunk per day or body weight had either increased or decreased between 1999 and 2001.
Five factors were extracted, which were then entered in a binary-logistic regression analysis as independent variables to determine the predictors for usage of extensive counselling.
It combines the variables in a SNP subset to construct a single binary variable and uses classification accuracy of the binary variable to evaluate a SNP-subset.
Till present, models that determined batch plants configurations in the chemical process industry resorted to models with binary variables to represent the different admissible options.
This continuous variable will be recoded into a binary variable in order to determine whether CRI has been achieved.
Then the relevant economic models to the RO desalination process are developed, which relate the cost of investment and operation with the design variables, the structural variable, as well as the binary variable that determine the membrane regeneration.
At each child node, one additional binary variable is determined.
However, this binary variable is determined by the latent variable ( {S}_{ij}^ ) which is the difference in expected profits between a wine with and without added SO2.
The problem is stated as simultaneously finding the binary variables that determine the model structure and its associated continuous parameters.
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