The binary mask - in which each pixel is either 'on' or 'off' - is created on the basis of an intensity threshold set by visual inspection of FOVs.
Meanwhile, we also show the performance of ideal binary mask (IBM) which is obtained by calculating local SNR in each T-F unit and selecting units (SNR > 0 dB) as the target.
Here, b n mask is a binary mask variable which erases the data symbol of UE n with probability P F n D. Thus, the SINR of each UE n can be calculated by substituting Pmask into Equation 8, where the n th element, P n mask, is derived by P n mask = b n mask P n CS.
Standard deviation of intensities of pixels in the k th slice with an intensity level higher than μ k), σ k): The threshold μsup(k) + σ(k) allows us to obtain a binary mask which is used later in the segmentation stage in order to locate the descending aorta in all the slices of the volumetric scan.
Obviously, the use of μglobal as a threshold results in a binary mask which contains all the aforementioned structures, since the gray level of the cardiac muscles is lower than the gray level of the blood (either oxygenated or not).
(3) Predict the frequencies of the overtones by assuming perfect harmonicity and generate a binary mask which indicates the predicted vocal regions in the spectrogram.
Moreover, it is also used for obtaining a binary mask which determines the position of the spine in each image.
The CASA system is applied to the input signal, in order to compute a binary mask which indicates whether a particular T F unit is dominated by target speech or by intrusion.
2D inpainting may be viewed as denoising with a binary mask β(x) which is set to zero in the missing region of the image and non-zero otherwise.
(a) Original slice, (b) binary mask computed by thresholding with μglobal, (c) objects with a size higher than amin, (d) common area of binary masks in the considered axial range, (e) final (i.e., post-processed) binary mask, and (f) segmented slice.
