To extract binary instances of the pentose phosphate network within our extracted data we scale the observations to have a mean of zero and standard deviation of 1.
To extract binary instances of the glycolysis pathway within our extracted data we scale the observations to have a mean of zero and standard deviation of 1.
A binary CSP instance satisfying the broken-triangle property (BTP) can be solved in polynomial time.
However, in many practical applications, decomposition methods are applied over suitable graph representations of the (possibly non-binary) CSP instances at hand.
For instance, binary phase shift keying (BPSK) (amod = 1, bmod = 1), binary frequency shift keying (BFSK) with orthogonal signalling (amod = 1, bmod = 0.5) and M-ary pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) (amod = 2(M - 1)/M, bmod = 3/(M2 - 1)).
For instance, binary subdivision has one tile type and one edge type: Since the only tile type is a quadrilateral, binary subdivision can only subdivide tilings made up of quadrilaterals.
For instance, binary vectors developed thus far are the Molecular ACCess System (MACCS) keys [2] and PubChem fingerprints.
For instance, binary thinking readily separates students into categories and, consequently, demarcates educational practices for students with different needs by generating a new educational system, special education.
In the following result, we denote by ≺ a transitive binary relation (for instance, a preorder or a partial order), which is not necessarily reflexive.
By taking binary alloy for instance, a new liquid solid interface model is proposed based on the solid fraction, because the solid fraction plays the bridge between the freezing temperature and the binary phase composition.
