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In this way, many new evolutionary pathways open up compared to binary evolution.
Note that SeBa is not used to model binary evolution in TrES.
We will give a brief overview of isolated binary evolution (Section 2.2) and isolated triple evolution (Section 2.3).
Even though, the principles of single stellar evolution and binary evolution, have been accepted for a long time, the long-term evolution of stellar triples is poorly understood.
We present an overview of single star evolution and binary evolution with a focus on those aspects that are relevant for triple evolution.
We discuss in particular under what circumstances triple evolution differs from binary evolution and what the consequences are of these differences.
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The QBP problem has been solved by using a binary differential evolution algorithm.
We then used Pagel's [ 46] single-rate Markov model of binary character evolution and assumed equal transition probabilities to reconstruct benthic/pelagic ancestral states using the package ape v3.0 [ 47] in R [ 48].
Inspired by the learning mechanism in particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms, we propose a binary learning differential evolution (BLDE) algorithm that can efficiently locate the global optimal solutions by learning from the last population.
As the problem is known to be NP-hard, a novel meta-heuristic algorithm called binary-continuous differential evolution (BCDE) is developed to make the original differential evolution capable of solving both binary and continuous optimization problems.
His first assignment was in the astronomy department, visualizing the evolution of binary star systems.
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