Joystick position was recorded at 1 KHz and down-sampled to 10 Hz to match the binning rate.
It is to be emphasized here that INDUS is able to achieve this binning rate without a significant loss of binning accuracy and specificity.
Thus, the variance of the modulated bin-rate is the excess variance of the binned spike-count beyond the level expected from a homogeneous Poisson process.
This relationship can be interpreted as a decomposition of the total variance in the binned spike-count into the variance of the underlying information bearing parameter, or bin-rate Var[Λb], and the variance that would have occurred if Nb was generated by a homogenous Poisson process, E[Nb], i.e., the neural noise (Figure 1).
On a maximum trash-bin rating of 4, I awarded the Saddle River Inn 2.5.
However, the empty bottle of Walnut Creek, an everyday Chilean wine, joined the Luna di Luna category, giving Tutto a Modo Mio a trash-bin rating of 2.
Add the good-value Rutherford Hill merlot and Le Rendez-Vous received a trash-bin rating of 3. Jocelyne's, Maplewood Before Jocelyne and Mitchell Altholz took this space, it was just another B.Y.O.B. restaurant.
On the other side of the scale was Tapiz merlot and a few ordinary California wines, leaving Jocelyne's with a trash-bin rating of 3. Tutto a Modo Mio, Ridgefield "All in my fashion" is the translation of the name of this neighborhood pizzeria.
However this dependence is stochastic and the variance of the spike-count Var[Nb] may differ from the variance of the bin-rate Var[Λb].
While the variance of the spike-count can be measured directly, it is the variance of the bin-rate that is of interest here because it reflects signal modulations.
The number of spikes recorded in a bin of size b, Nb, depends on the average bin-rate in that bin Λb, which is modulated by the encoded signals, as depicted in Figure 1 (upper diagram).
