Several categories of funder, such as multilateral, bilateral, private foundations and national research agencies, were dominated by their three largest funders, with numerous other funders in each category making up a low proportion of funder mentions (3%-35%).
The Global Forum is managed by a council of 20 members representing government policymakers, multilateral and bilateral agencies, foundations, international NGOs, women's associations, research institutions, and the private sector.
This definition includes a full range of players engaged in the provision and financing of health services including public, nonprofit, and for-profit private sectors, as well as the international and bilateral donors, foundations, and the voluntary organizations involved in the funding or implementing health activities [ 1].
This study seeks to fill this research gap by analyzing the health programs of large bilateral donors, foundations and corporate donors in the area of maternal health, which can be defined as the health of "mothers and babies during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period" [ 9].
The global architecture for CRVS, so far dominated by UN agencies, should extend to include bilateral donors, funds, foundations, non-governmental organisations, the private sector, academic institutions, and civil society.
Only the difference between bilateral donors and foundations is statistically significant.
A second summit meeting was held in Bellagio, Italy, in 1999, bringing together key UN agencies, leaders of the vaccine industry, representatives of bilateral donor agencies, foundations, and civil society to create a new global partnership called the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation, with the remit to expand access to vaccines for children [ 58, 60].
The reason for using five bilateral donors, five foundations, and five corporate donors is that when choosing the largest donors from each group (measured by spending) and comparing their programs, it is possible to draw some conclusions on the likelihood that differences in policy design are due to donor characteristics.
For example, UNICEF and its partners, including the World Health Organisation, the World Bank, various foundations, bilateral donors and the private sector, are moving to establish a new alliance to promote immunization and vaccine development, aimed at low-income countries where child mortality rates are high.
However, the evaluation highlights that UNICEF efforts have been most effective when coordinated with, or designed to, compliment those of other international actors, whether bilateral donors, international foundations (like the Open Society Institute), other UN agencies (such as the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights), and regional actors (such as European Union or OSCE).
