Sentence examples for bias was studied using from inspiring English sources

Sex ratio bias was studied using Chi square Goodness-of-fit test (1 variable) comparing total number of female and male mussels and normalizing for theoretical gender bias (1 1).

Two-codon context bias was studied in complete ORFeome sequences using the residual analysis tools available in the software package ANACONDA 1.0 (a detailed explanation of this software can be found in [20], [29].

Another example of this bias is the study using the Hong Kong Diabetes Registry to form a cohort of 2,658 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes who did not use metformin when enrolled in the study between 1996 and 2005 or in the 2.5 years before enrollment, with follow-up until 2005 (22).

Within study bias was assessed using an adapted version of the QUADAS-2 (Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies -2) tool for all diagnostic studies and the Cochrane Collaboration's Risk of Bias tool for all non-diagnostic studies.

Risk of study bias was assessed using Cochrane methodology.

Publication and small study bias was assessed using a funnel plot.

Publication bias was estimated using a funnel plot of study results against study precision.

13 For observational studies, the risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale.

Small study bias (publication bias) was assessed visually using a funnel plot and Eggers test for Asymmetry [ 10].

Data, including measures of study bias, were extracted using a standard data extraction sheet (copy included as Additional file 2) by two of the authors (OM and KN).

Publication and the associated phenomenon of small-study bias were addressed using the approach of Peters and colleagues [ 33] via contour-enhanced funnel plots; formal quantitative testing for small-study-bias was performed using the approach of Harbord and colleagues [ 34], which has effective properties in the presence of appreciable heterogeneity.